ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Responses of endogenous proline in rice seedlings under chromium exposure
Hydroponic experiments were performed to exam the dynamic change of endogenous proline in rice seedlings exposed to potassium chromate chromium (VI) or chromium nitrate chromium (III). Although accumulation of both chromium species in rice seedlings was obvious, more chromium was detected in plant tissues of rice seedlings exposed to chromium (III) than those in chromium (VI), majority being in roots rather than shoots. Results also showed that the accumulation capacity of chromium by rice seedlings was positively correlated to chromium concentrations supplied in both chromium variants and the accumulation curve depicted an exponential trend in both chromium treatments over the entire period of exposure. Proline assays showed that both chromium variants induced the change of endogenous proline in shoots and roots of rice seedlings. Chromium (VI) of 12.8 mg/L increased proline content significantly (p<0.05) compared to control, while the effect of chromium (III) on proline content was more evident at 30.0 mg/L (p<0.05). The results collected here suggest that both chromium variants are able to cause the change of endogenous proline in rice seedlings, but the response was found to be different between the two chromium treatments.
https://www.gjesm.net/article_20999_c4558e7142673b12eb43599255748d7d.pdf
2016-12-01
319
326
10.22034/gjesm.2016.02.04.001
Accumulation
Chromium
Proline
Rice
Translocation
X.Z.
Yu
yuxiaozhang@hotmail.com
1
The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, P.R. China
LEAD_AUTHOR
M.R.
Lu
lu@gmail.com
2
The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, P.R. China
AUTHOR
Ashraf, M.; Foolad, M.R., (2007) Roles of glycine betaine and proline in improving plant abiotic stress resistance. Environ. Exp. Bot., (59): 206–216 (11 pages).
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Carrier, P.; Baryla , A.; Havaus, M., (2003) Cadmium distribution and microlocalization in oilseed rape (Brassica napus) after long-term growth on cadmium-contaminated soil. Planta., (216): 939-950 (12 pages).
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Islam, M.M.; Hoque, M.A.; Okuma, E.; Banu, M. N. A.; Shimoishi, Y.; Nakamura, Y.; Murata, Y., (2009) Exogenous proline and glycine betaine increase antioxidant enzyme activities and confer tolerance to cadmium stress in cultured tobacco cells. J. Plant Physiol., (166):1587–1597 (11 pages).
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23
Yu, X.Z.; Zhang, F.Z., (2013) Effects of exogenous thiocyanate on mineral nutrients, antioxidative responses and free amino acids in rice seedlings. Ecotoxicology., (22): 752–760 (9 pages).
24
Yu, X.Z.; Feng, Y.X.; Yue, D.M., (2015) Phytotoxicity of methylene blue to rice seedlings. Global J. Environ. Sci. Manage., (1):199-204 (6 pages).
25
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26
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27
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Improving farming practices using multi-criteria decision analysis in geographic information system for Damask Rose cultivating
Lack of awareness of the critical factors involved in production of plants and sometimes, the cultivation of plants in areas unsusceptible to plant, can increase the amount of chemical fertilizer consumption in order to compensate the subsequent reduction of plant yield. This would increase environmental pollution. Thus, identifying of suitable areas where could supply plants initial needs of the environment is critical. For this goal, several criteria including soil conditions, climatologically indicators, topography situation and agro-climatology criteria were taken into account of modeling processing. Doing so, standardization process was performed on criteria and weighting process was performed by using of analytic hierarchy process approach. Geographical information system based on multi-criteria decision analysis was employed for weighted overlapping of indicators. Initial results indicated that East-Azerbaijan Province in the northern part of Iran has high potential for cultivating of Damask Rose. Results indicate that about 34.4% of East Azerbaijan Province has classified to be high suitability for cultivating this plant, while about 65.5 and 0.1 % of this area classified to be in the moderate and low suitability category respectively. In comparison of Damask Rose production during the 2014 and resulted analytic hierarchy process map results showed that areas with high suitability are not more under cultivation of this plant. Then, the findings of this study are great of importance for the purpose of regional planning in East-Azerbaijan Province.
https://www.gjesm.net/article_19779_8f2bf94b9c6605686131d7af67cfebaa.pdf
2016-12-01
327
338
10.22034/gjesm.2016.02.04.002
Analytic hierarchy process (AHP)
Climate
Damask Rose
Feasibility assessment
Rosa damascene
Zonation
B.
Shokati
behzad.shokati66@gmail.com
1
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
M.R.
Asgharipour
m_asgharipour@yahoo.com
2
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
AUTHOR
B.
Feizizadeh
feizizadeh@tabrizu.ac.ir
3
Department of Remote Sensing and GIS, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
AUTHOR
Alavi Zadeh, S.A.M.; Monazzam Esmaeel Pour, A; Hossein Zadeh Kermani, M., (2013). Possibility study of areas with potential cultivation of saffron in Kashmar plain using GIS. Saffron Agron. Tech., 1: 71-95 (25 pages).
1
Azizur Rahman, M.; Bernd R.; Gogub, R.C.; Lobo Ferreirac, J.P.; Sautera. M. A., (2012). New spatial multi-criteria decision support tool for site selection for implementation of managed aquifer recharge. J. Environ. Manage., 99: 61–75 (15 pages).
2
Boroushaki, S.; Malczewski, J., (2008). Implementing an Extension of the Analytical Hierarchy Process Using Ordered Weighted Averaging Operators with Fuzzy Quantifiers in Arc GIS. Comput. Geosci., 34: 399-410 (12 pages).
3
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Bruneau, A.; Starr, J.R.; Joly, S., (2007). Phylogenetic Relationships in the Genus Rosa: New Evidence from Chloroplast DNA Sequences and an Appraisal of Current Knowledge. Syst. Bot., 32(2): 366–378 (13 pages).
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Cairns, T.; Young, M.; Adams, J.; Edberg B., (2000). Modern Roses XI, the world encyclopedia of roses. Academic Press, London.
6
Chen, J.; Zhu, Q., (2010). Uncertainty and Decision Strategy Analysis of GIS-based Ordered Weighted Averaging Method. International Conference on Information, Networking and Automation (ICINA) Kunming, China,October 18-19, 375-379 (5 pages).
7
Dooley, A.E.; Smeaton, D.C.; Sheath, G.W.; Ledgard, S. F., (2009). Application of multiple criteria decision analysis in the new zealand agricultural industry. J. M.C.D.A., 16:39–53 (15 pages).
8
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Emad, M.; Gheibi, F.; Rasouli, S.M.; Khanjanzadeh, R.; Mohammadi Jozani, S., (2012). Rosa damascena. Pooneh publication. (In Persian).
10
Feizizadeh, B.; Blaschke, T.; Rezaei Moghaddam, M.H., (2013). Landslide Susceptibility Mapping for the Urmia Lake Basin, Iran: A Multi-criteria Evaluation Approach Using GIS. Int. J. Environ. Res., 56:1-23 (24 pages).
11
Feizizadeh, B.; Jankowski, P.; Blaschke, T. A., (2014). GIS based spatially-explicit sensitivity and uncertainty analysis approach for multi-criteria decision analysis. Comput. Geosci., 64:81–95 (15 pages).
12
Forman, E.; Peniwati, K., (1998). Aggregating individual judgments and priorities with the analytic hierarchy process. Eur. J. Oper. Res., 108:165– 169 (6 pages).
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14
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17
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19
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20
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21
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26
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27
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30
Pirseyedi, S.M.; Mardi, M.; Davazdahemami, S.; Kermani, M. J.; Mohammadi, S.A., (2005). Analysis of the genetic diversity 12 Iranian Damask Rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) genotypes using amplified fragment length polymorphism markers. Iranian J. biotechnol., 3(4): 225-230 (6 pages).
31
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34
Sener, S.; Sener, E.; Karaguzel, R., (2010). Solid waste disposal site selection with GIS and AHP methodology: a case study in Senirkent-Uluborlu (Isparta) Basin, Turkey. J. Environ. Monit. Assess., 10:1010–1023 (14 pages).
35
Statistical Center of Iran, (2011). Web. http://www.amar.org.ir/
36
Ushio, A.; Mae, T.; Makino, A., (2008). Effects of temperature on photosynthesis and plant growth in the assimilation shoots of a rose. Soil Sci Plant Nutr., 54: 253- 258 (6 pages).
37
Vukicevic, J.S.; Nedovic-Budic., Z., (2012). GIS Based Multicriteria Analysis in Integrationof SEA Process Into Planning, Case Study: South West Region, Republic of Ireland. Int. J. Environ. Res., 6: 1053-1066 (14 pages).
38
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39
Yadollahi, A.; Shahhosseini, R.; Sahms, A.; Khosravi, H., (2012). Sustainable Agriculture in Quran. J. Agri. Sustain. Pro., 22(2): 102-111. (In Persian) (10 pages).
40
Yahaya, S.; Ilori, C.; Whanda, J.S.; Edicha, J., (2010). Land fill site selection for municipal solid waste management using geographic information system and multicriteria evaluation. Am. J. Sci. Res., 10:34–49 (16 pages).
41
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Ecological footprint of university students: Does gender matter?
To determine if there is a gender difference in the resource consumption activities of students in Central Mindanao University, a Philippine state university, an ecological foot printing study was conducted in August 2014. Consumption data from 380 student respondents were gathered using a survey questionnaire. A web-based software created by the Global Footprint Network was used to convert the consumption data into its equivalent ecological footprint value. Sample size was reduced to 324 (male = 162; female = 162) through a 1:1 nearest neighbor matching without replacement method for propensity score matching. Subsequently, unpaired t-test was employed for comparing the difference in ecological footprint between the male and female student respondents. Results reveal that the students’ ecological footprint is slightly lower than the national average. Furthermore, most of their ecological footprint comes from their carbon footprint. Male respondents were found to have a significantly higher ecological footprint compared to female respondents. This implies gender difference in terms of resource consumption.
https://www.gjesm.net/article_20409_474ec7cc000ef94b9227617dd6f9f585.pdf
2016-12-01
339
344
10.22034/gjesm.2016.02.04.003
Ecological footprint (EF)
Gender comparison
Resource consumption
Sustainability
University student
M.A.P.
Medina
mapmedina@cmu.edu.ph
1
Department of Environmental Science, College of Forestry and Environmental Science, Central Mindanao University, University Town, Musuan, Bukidnon, Philippines
LEAD_AUTHOR
A.G.
Toledo-Bruno
agtbruno@cmu.edu.ph
2
Department of Environmental Science, College of Forestry and Environmental Science, Central Mindanao University, University Town, Musuan, Bukidnon, Philippines
AUTHOR
Blocker, T. J.; Eckberg, D. L., (1997). Gender and environmentalism: Results from the 1993 General Social Survey. Soc. Sci. Quart., 78 (4): 841-858 (18 pages).
1
Chen, T.B.; Chai, L.T., (2010). Attitude Towards the Environment and Green Products: Consumers' Perspective. Manage. Sci. Eng., 4 (2): 27-39 (13 pages).
2
Cortese, A. D., (2003). The critical role of higher education in creating a sustainable future. Plann. High. Educ., 31(3): 15-22 (8 pages).
3
Ewing, B.; Moore, D.; Goldfinger, S.; Oursler, A.; Reed, A.; Wackernagel, M., (2010). The ecological Footprint atlas 2010. Oakland: Global Footprint Network.
4
Gimenez-Nadal, J.I.; Molina, J.A., (2016). Commuting time and household responsibilities: Evidence using propensity score matching. J. Reg. Sci., 56(2): 332-359 (28 pages).
5
Godoy, J., (2011). Men's and women's different impact on climate. Retrieved February 18, 2016, from http://www.wecf.eu/english/articles/2011/02/gender-climateimpact.php
6
Hunter, L. M.; Hatch, A.; Johnson, A, (2004). Cross‐national gender variation in environmental behaviors. Soc. Sci. Quart., 85 (3): 677-694 (18 pages).
7
Johnsson-Latham, G., (2006). Initial study of lifestyles, consumption patterns, sustainable development and gender: Do women leave a smaller ecological footprint than men?. Swedish Ministry of Sustainable Development.
8
Kitzes, J.; Peller, A; Goldfinger, S.; Wackernagel, M., (2007). Current methods for calculating national ecological footprint accounts. Sci. Environ. Sustain. Soc., 4(1): 1-9 (9 pages).
9
Kwan, M.; Kotsev, A., (2014). Gender differences in commute time and accessibility in Sofia, Bulgaria: a study using 3D geovisualisation. Geog. J., 181(1): 83-96 (14 pages).
10
Lee, K., (2009). Gender differences in Hong Kong adolescent consumers' green purchasing behavior. J. Consumer Market, 26 (2): 87-96 (10 pages).
11
Medina, M.A.P. (2015). The sustainability of on campus residence: A utilization of ecological foot-printing in a State University in Mindanao, Philippines. Adv. Environ. Sci., 7(1): 1-10 (10 pages).
12
Permana, A.S.; Aziz, N.A.; Siong, H.N., (2015). Is mom energy efficient? A study of gender, household energy consumption and family decision making in Indonesia. Ener. Res. Soc. Sci., 6(1): 78-86 (10 pages).
13
Rahut, D.B.; Behera, B.; Ali, A., (2016). I Household energy choice and consumption intensity: Empirical evidence from Bhutan. Ren. Sus. Ener. Revs., 53(1): 993-1009 (17 pages).
14
Raj, S.; Goel, S.; Sharma, M.; Singh, A., (2012). Ecological Footprint score in university students of an Indian city. J. Environ. Occup. Sci., 1(1): 23-26 (4 pages).
15
Räty, R.; Carlsson-Kanyama, A., (2009). Comparing energy use by gender, age and income in some European countries. Research Support and Administration, Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI).
16
Rees, W. E., (2003). Impeding sustainability. Plann. High. Educ., 31(3): 88-98 (11 pages).
17
Rosenbaum, P. R.; Rubin, D.B., (1983). The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects. Biometrika., 70(1): 41-55 (15 pages).
18
Segovia, V.M.; Galang, A.P., (2002). Sustainable development in higher education in the Philippines: The case of Miriam College. High. Educ. Pol., 3(3): 288-297 (10 pages).
19
Shen, J.; Saijo, T., (2008). Reexamining the relations between socio-demographic characteristics and individual environmental concern: Evidence from Shanghai data. J. Environ. Psychol., 28(1): 42-50 (9 pages).
20
Solar. V.A., (2011). Gender and natural resource consumption. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Dev., 2(5): 399-401 (3 pages).
21
Thoemmes, F., (2012). Propensity score matching in SPSS. arXiv preprint arXiv:1201.6385.
22
Tindall, D. B.; Davies, S.; Mauboules, C., (2003). Activism and conservation behavior in an environmental movement: The contradictory effects of gender. Soc. Nat. Resour., 16(10): 909-932 (22 pages).
23
Zelezny, L. C.; Chua, P. P.; Aldrich, C., (2000). New ways of thinking about environmentalism: Elaborating on gender differences in environmentalism. J. Soc. Issues., 56(3): 443-457 (15 pages).
24
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Environmental risk assessment of a dam during construction phase
The present study was conducted to assess the possible risks induced by construction of Gavi Dam in Ilam Province; western part of Iran, using MIKE-11 model and technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution. For this purpose, vulnerable zone of the dam site against the flooding risk of Gavi River was calculated for different return periods. The flooding zones were stimulated by MIKE-11 model. In order to check whether or not the dam construction could affect the quality of the Gavi River, the physicochemical quality of the river water was also tested. Afterwards, a questionnaire was prepared containing an inventory of possible risks supposed to be induced by construction of Gavi Dam. The questionnaires were placed at disposal of experts to score the items based on their importance. The questionnaires were then analyzed using SPSS Software, version 16. According to which, a total number of 12 risk factors were identified. The dam construction risks were qualitatively assessed by preliminary hazard analysis. Based on the results, 3 of 12 identified risks were recognized unacceptable. The shortlisted risks were prioritized at final step using technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution. "Habitat fragmentation" with a weight of 0.3002, "water pollution" with a weight of 0.295, and "impacts on aquatics" with a weight of 0.293 were identified as three top priority flooding risks. Among the most important corrective measures for mitigation of the risks at construction phase can be pointed to "restoration of the land cover", “conservation of areas surrounding the dam as a new wildlife habitat", “prevention of water contamination”, and "conservation of fish spawning sites".
https://www.gjesm.net/article_20481_fdbd1f5c89402fc79f52b1379fcd94e1.pdf
2016-12-01
345
356
10.22034/gjesm.2016.02.04.004
Construction phase
Gavi Dam
MIKE-11
Preliminary hazard analysis (PHA)
Risk
Technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS)
S.
Rezaian
s_rezaian@ymail.com
1
Department of the Environment, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood Branch, Shahrood, Iran
AUTHOR
S.A.
Jozi
drjoziali94@gmail.com
2
Department of the Environment, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
N.
Zaredar
narges_zaredar@yahoo.com
3
Department of Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of the Environment and Energy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Andrew Charles, J., (2012). Dam failures: Impact on reservoir safety legislation in Great Britain. Encyclopedia of lakes and reservoirs, Earth sciences series. pp 177-186.
1
Bocchiola, D., Rosso, R. (2014). Safety of Italian dams in the face of flood hazard. Adv. Water Resour. 71:23-31 (9 pages).
2
Chen, Sh;, Fath, B.D.; Chen, B., (2010). Ecological risk assessment of hydropower dam construction based on ecological network analysis. Procedia Environ. Sci., 2:725-728 (4 pages).
3
Danso-Amoako, E.; Scholz, M.; Kalimeris, N.; Yang, Q.; Shao, J., (2012). Predicting dam failure risk for sustainable flood retention basins: A generic case study for the wider Greater Manchester area. Comput. Environ. Urban, 36(5):423-433 (11 pages).
4
DOE, (2007). Administrative regulations on how to prevent noise pollution. Approved by Commission on the Infrastructure, Industry and Environmental Affairs. Department of theEnvironment, Tehran, Iran.
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DOE, (2014). Iran water resources quality indicator. Department of the Environment, Tehran, Iran.
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Ebadati, N.; Houshmandzadeh, M., (2014). Analysis of water quality of Dez River in Dezful Hydrometric Station. Ecohydrol., 1(2): 69-81 (13 pages).
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Hooshyaripor, F.; Tahershamsi, A., (2015). Effect of reservoir side slopes on dam-break flood waves. Eng. Appl. Comp. Fluid., 9(1) 458-468 (11 pages).
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Jozi, S.A.; Malmir, M., (2014). Environmental risk assessment of dams by using multi-criteria decision making methods: A case study of the Polrood Dam, Guilan Province, Iran. Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess., 20(1): 69-85 (17 pages).
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Jozi, S.A.; Tabib Shoshtary, M.; Khayat Zadeh, A.R., (2015). Environmental risk assessment of dams in construction phase using a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) method. Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess., 21(1), 1-16 (16 pages).
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Jozi, S.A.; Saffarian, Sh.; Shafiee, M.; Moradi Majd, N., (2014). Safety, health, and environmental risk assessment of a gas power plant: A case study from southern Iran. Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess., 21(6):1479-1495 (17 pages).
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Jozi, S.A.; Seyfosadat, S.H., (2014). Environmental risk assessment of Gotvand-Olia dam at operational phase using the integrated method of environmental failure mode and effects analysis (EFMEA) and preliminary hazard analysis. J. Environ. Stud., 40(1), 25-27 (3 pages).
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NSI, (1992). Drinking water-physical and chemical specifications. Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran, Standard 1053, Tehran, Iran.
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Puyab Consulting Engineers, (2005). Reported environmental studies cow Ilam Dam. Terhan, Iran.
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27
Tajziehchi, S.; Monavari, S.M.; Karbassi, A.R.; Shariat, S.M.; Khorasani, N.; Narimisa, P., (2014). A critical look at social impact evaluation of dam construction by revised SIMPACTS software: Aacase study of Alborz Dam in Northern Iran. Int. J. Environ. Res., 8(2): 329-334 (6 pages).
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33
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Removal of nitrate and phosphate from aqueous solutions by microalgae: An experimental study
The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of microalgae Spirulina platensis and Chlorella vulgaris to remove nitrate and phosphate in aqueous solutions. Spirulina platensis and Chlorella vulgar is microalgae was collected in 1000 ml of municipal water and KNO3, K2HPO4 was added as sources of nitrate and phosphate in three different concentrations (0.25, 0.35 and 0.45g/L). During the growth period, the concentration of nitrate and phosphate was recorded at 1, 4, 6 and 8 days. The highest nitrate removal on the 8 day for Chlorella vulgaris was 89.80% at the treatment of 0.25g/L and for Spirulina platensis was 81.49% at the treatment of 0.25g/L. The highest phosphate removal for Spirulina platensis was 81.49% at the treatment of 0.45g/L and for Chlorella vulgaris was 88% at the treatment of 0.45g/L. The statistical results showed that the amount of phosphate and nitrate removal during different time periods by Chlorella vulgaris depicted a significant difference at P<0.01, while Spirulina platensis demonstrated a significant difference at P<0.05.Thus, Spirulina platensis and Chlorella vulgaris can be effectively used to remove nitrate and phosphate from effluent and waste water treatments, although it demands more research in different climatic conditions.
https://www.gjesm.net/article_20315_da1ca1719d49bc078085756a6a030ba0.pdf
2016-12-01
357
364
10.22034/gjesm.2016.02.04.005
aqueous solutions
Chlorella vulgaris
microalgae
Spirulina platensis
Wastewater
M.H.
Sayadi
mh_sayadi@yahoo.com
1
Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
N.
Ahmadpour
ahmadpour.najme@gmail.com
2
Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
AUTHOR
M.
Fallahi Capoorchali
mahyarparvaneh2003@yahoo.com
3
Research Center, National Inland Water Aquaculture Institute, Anzali Port, Iran
AUTHOR
M.R.
Rezaei
rezaeimr@yahoo.com
4
Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
AUTHOR
Abhijna, U.G., (2016). Monitoring and assessment of a eutrophicated coastal lake using multivariate approaches. Global J. Environ. Sci. Manage., 2 (3): 275-288 (14 pages).
1
Afshari, A.; Yahyavi, M.; Shybk, H.; Abdolallyan, A., (2011). Check availabilityofTetraselmis suecica microalgae in municipal secondary wastewater treatment. Aquat. Fish., 2 (8): 1-8 (8 papges).
2
Ahmadpour, N.; Sayadi, M.H.; Fallahi, M.; Rezaei, M. R., (2014). Removal of phosphate by microalgae from municipal wastewater effluents: Lab Experiment. Biotechnology Tarbiat Modares University, 6 (2):40-50 (In Persian) (11 pages).
3
APHA, (1998). Standard methods for examination of water and wastewater. American Public Health Association Publication, Washington DC.
4
Aravantinou, A.F.; Theodorakopoulos, M. A.; Manariotis, I.D., (2013). Selection of microalgae for wastewater treatment and potential lipids production. Biores. Tech.,147: 130–134 (5 pages).
5
Aslan, S.; Kapdan, I.K., (2006). Batch kinetics of nitrogen and phosphorus removal from synthetic wastewater by algae. Ecol. Eng., 28:64–70 (7 pages).
6
Caswell, M.; Zilberman, D., (2002). Algol – culture. University of California at Berkeley., 6:1-12 (13 pages).
7
Cheunbarn, S.; Peerapornpisal. Y., (2010). Cultivation of Spirulina platensis using anaerobically swine wastewater treatment effluent. Int. J. Agricul. Bio.,12: 586–590 (5 pages).
8
Chngany, Z.; Modares, A.; Afsharzadeh, S., (2012).Wastewater treatment using micro-algae Spirulina platensis culture. First National Conference on Phytoremediation. Kerman, Iran 16 February.
9
De Morais, M. G.; Costa, J.A., (2007). Biofixation of carbon dioxide by Spirulina sp. and Scenedesmus obliquus cultivated in a three-stage serial tubular photobioreactor. J. Biotech., 129:439–445 (7 pages).
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Dickinson, K.E.; Whitney, C. G.; McGinn, P.J., (2013). Nutrient remediation rates in municipal wastewater and their effect on biochemical composition of the microalga Scenedesmus sp. AMDD. Algal Res.,2: 127–134 (8 pages).
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Khan, M.; Yoshida, N., (2008). Effect of L-glutamic acid on the growth and ammonium removal from ammonium solution and natural wastewater by Chlorella vulgaris NTM06. Biores. Tech.,99: 575–582 (8 pages).
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Kshirsagar, A.D., (2013). Bioremediation of wastewater by using microalgae, an experimental study. Int. J. Life Sci. Biotech. Pharma. Res., 2: 339–346 (7 pages).
14
Mousavi, A.; Yahyavi, M.; Taherizadeh, M., (2009). Evaluation of Chlorella vulgarisphytoplankton growth and its effects on urban wastewater nutrients. Aquat. Fish., 1: 64-72 (8 pages).
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Oswald, W.J., (1988). Micro-algae and wastewater treatment. Micro-algal Biotech. Cambridge University Press, 22:305–328 (24 pages).
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Patel, A.; Barrington, S.; Lefsrud, M., (2012). Microalgae for phosphorus removal and biomass production: a six species screen for dual purpose organisms. GCB Bioenergy, 4(5):485-495(11pages).
17
Rasoulamini, S.; Montazeri-Najafabady, N.; Mobasher, M.A.; Hoseini-Alhashemi, S.; Ghasemi, Y., (2011). Chlorella sp., a new strain with highly saturated fatty acids for biodiesel production inbubble-column photobioreactor. Appl. Energy, 88 (10): 3354–3356(3 pages).
18
Rezaei, A.; Sayadi, M.H., (2015). Long-term evolution of the composition of surface water from the River Gharasoo, Iran: a case study using multivariate statistical techniques. Environ. Geochem. Health., 37(2): 251-261(11 pages).
19
Sayadi, M. H.; Kargar, R.; Doosti, M.R.; Salehi, H., (2012). Hybrid constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment: A worldwide review. Proc. Int. Acad. Eco. Environ. Sci.,2(4): 204-222 (18 pages).
20
Sayadi, M.H.; Rezaei, A.; Rezaei, M.R.; Nourozi, K., (2014). Multivariate statistical analysis of surface water chemistry: A case study of Gharasoo River, Iran. Proc. Int. Acad. Eco. Environ. Sci., 4(3):114-122 (8 pages).
21
Shabani, M.; Sayadi M.H.; Rezaei M.R., (2016) CO2 bio-sequestration by Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis in response to different levels of salinity and CO2. Proc. Int. Acad. Eco. Environ. Sci., 6(2): 53-61(8 pages).
22
Shahriari Moghadam, M., Safaei, N., Ebrahimipour, G.H., (2016). Optimization of phenol biodegradation by efficient bacteria isolated from petrochemical effluents. Global J. Environ. Sci. Manage., 2 (3): 249-256 (7 pages).
23
Suva, F. (1999). Technical guidance on pearl hatchery development in the Kingdom of Tonga. FAO. GCP/RAS/116/JPN.
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Tam, N.F. Y.; Wong, Y.S., (1994). Effect of immobilized microalgal bead concentrations on wastewater nutrient removal. Environ. Poll.,107: 145-151(7 pages).
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Tang, D.; Han, W.; Li, P.; Miao, X.; Zhong, J., (2011). CO2 biofixation and fatty acid composition of Scenedesmus obliquus and Chlorella pyrenoidosa in response to different CO2 levels. Biores. Tech.,102: 3071–3076 (7 pages).
26
Wang, B.; Lan, C. Q., (2011). Biomass production and nitrogen and phosphorus removal by the green alga Neochloris oleoabundans in simulated wastewater and secondary municipal wastewater effluent. Biores. Tech.,102(10), 5639-5644 (5 pages).
27
Yang, J.; Xu, M.; Zhang, X.Z.; Hu, M., (2011). Sommerfeld and Y.S. Chen: Life-cycle analysis on biodiesel production from microalgae: Water footprint and nutrients balance. Biores. Tech., 102, 159-165 (6 pages).
28
Zamani, N.; Nowshadi, M.; Amin, S.; Ghasemi, Y.; Niyazi, A., (2010). Removal of nitrogen-nitrate and ortho phosphate from wastewater using microalgae biotechnology. The second International Symposium on Environmental Engineering. Tehran, Iran 18-20 February.
29
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Desertification risk assessment and management program
Risk assessment provides the possibility of planning and management to prevent and reduce the risk of desertification. The present study is aimed to assess the hazard and risk of desertification and to develop management programs in the semi-arid western regions of Golestan Province in Iran. Desertification rate was obtained using the Iranian model of desertification potential assessment. Since the rating system was considered for the indicators, data analyses were carried out according to the Mann-Whitney test. The risk of desertification was calculated based on hazard, elements at risk and vulnerability assessment maps. The intensity of desertification was estimated to be medium. Among the factors affecting desertification, agriculture by the weighted average of 3.22 had the highest effect, followed by soil, vegetation, water and wind erosion criteria by weighted averages of 2.45, 2.32, 2.15 and 1.6 respectively. Desertification risk assessment results also showed that about 78% of central and northern parts of the region, with the largest population and residential centers, surface and underground water resources, agriculture and horticulture, is confronted with a high to very high degree of risk. Management plans and control measures, based on risk values were presented in four activities (with two management priorities under critical and non-critical conditions). For the management program with the largest area. Control measures and strategies such as the establishment of halophytic and xerophytic plants, drainage networks, resilient facilities and infrastructure were proposed. Reducing the risk of desertification, could play a crucial role in the sustainable development of drylands and desert ecosystems.
https://www.gjesm.net/article_20580_d8a94311336875391da9a722e8094df4.pdf
2016-12-01
365
380
10.22034/gjesm.2016.02.04.006
criteria
Desertification
Golestan province
Iranian model of desertification potential assessment (IMDPA)
Risk Assessment
Vulnerability
M.
Akbari
m_akbari@um.ac.ir
1
Department of Watershed and Arid Zone Management, Faculty of Range Land and Watershed, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
M.
Ownegh
mownegh@yahoo.com
2
Department of Watershed and Arid Zone Management, Faculty of Range Land and Watershed, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
AUTHOR
H.R.
Asgari
hras2010@gmail.com
3
Department of Watershed and Arid Zone Management, Faculty of Range Land and Watershed, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
AUTHOR
A.
Sadoddin
amir.sadoddin@gmail.com
4
Department of Watershed and Arid Zone Management, Faculty of Range Land and Watershed, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
AUTHOR
H.
Khosravi
hakhosravi@alumni.ut.ac.ir
5
Department of Arid and Mountainous Regions Reclamation, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Afkhami Ardeshir, S., (2007). The effect of land use change on the risk of desertification in the Gorgan plain in the past 50 years with comparison with the two ICD, ESAs desertification assessment methods Case Study: Gorgan-Aq-Qala, Incheh Borun. M.Sc. Dissertation, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. Iran. pp 174.
1
Arami, A. H.; Ownegh, M.; Sheikh. B.; Honardoust, F., (2012). Desertification assessment and mapping desertification severity using IMDPA with emphasis on vegetation and soil criteria in the GIS environment (Case study: Alagol Plain, Golestan Province. First national desert Conference. Tehran, International Research Center for desert. Tehran University, Iran.
2
Arami, A.H.; Ownegh, M.; Sheikh, V.B., (2013). Assessment of desertification risk in semi-arid Agh-Band Region, Golestan Province, Iran, Int. J. Agri. Crop Sci., 5(17): 1901-1908 (8 pages).
3
Ahmadi, H.; Abbas Abadi, M.R.; Ownegh, M.; Ekhtesasi, M. R., (2001). Quantitative assessment of desertification in Aghqalla and Gomishan plain for creation of a regional model. Iran. J. Natural Resour., 54(1): 3-22 (20 pages).
4
Afifi, A.A.; Gad, A., (2011). Assessment and mapping areas affected by soil erosion and desertification in the north costal part of Egypt. Int. J. Water Resour. Arid Environ., 1: 83-91. (9 pages).
5
Ahmadi, H., (2004). Iranian model of desertification potential assessment (IMDPA), Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Iran, 268 p.
6
Becerril-Pina, R.; Mastachi-Loza, C. A.; Gonzalez-Sosa, E.; Díaz-Delgado, C.; Ba, M. KH., (2015). Assessing desertification risk in the semi-arid highlands of central Mexico. J. Arid Environ., 120: 4-13 (10 pages).
7
Bouabid, R.; Rouchdi, M.; Badraoui, M.; Diab, A.; Louafi, S., (2010). Assessment of land Desertification Based on the Medalus approach and elaboration of an action plan: The case study of the Souss River basin, Morocco. (15 pages).
8
Committee on Science and Technology, (2007). Conference of the parties, improving the efficiency and effectiveness of the Committee on Science and Technology. Final report of the group of experts, 3rd plenary meeting, 4-6 September Madrid .United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification. (12 pages).
9
Danfeng, S.; Dawson, R.; Baoguo, L., (2006). Agricultural causes of desertification risk in Minqin, China, J. Environ. Manage., 79: 348–356. (11 pages).
10
Dai, X.; Li, Z.; Lin, S.; Xu, W., (2012). Assessment and zoning of eco-environmental sensitivity for a typical developing province in China. Stoch. Environ. Res. Risk Assess, 26: 1095–1107 (18 pages).
11
Lee, C.; Schaaf, T., (2006). Drylands: Application to the Lada Project. Environment and Natural Resources Service, International scientific conference on desertification and dry lands research, Tunisia, 19-21 June, Tunis.
12
Montanarella, L.; Toth, G., (2008). Desertification in Europe, European Commission. Joint Research Center, Institute for Environment and Sustainability TP 280I-21020 Ispra (VA), Italy (24 pages).
13
GreenFacts, (2007). Facts on Health and the Environment. http://www.greenfacts.org/links/webmaster/index.php.
14
Honardoust, F.; Ownegh, M.; Sheikh, V.B., (2011). Assessment of the current state of desertification in the Soufikam-Mengal plain in the northwest of Golestan Province. Soil Water Conserv. Res., 18(3): 213-219. (7 pages).
15
Khosravi, H., (2012). Model proposition for desertification monitoring and early warning system, PhD Dissertation, Tehran University, Faculty of Natural Resources, Karaj (127 pages).
16
Khosravi, H.; Zehtabian, Gh. R.; Ahmadi, H.; Azarnivand, H., (2014). Hazard assessment of desertification as a result of soil and water recourse degradation in Kashan Region, Iran. Desert, 19(1): 45-55 (11 pages).
17
Ladisa, G.; Todorovic, M.; Trisorio Liuzzi, G., (2012). A GIS-based approach for desertification risk assessment in Apulia region, SE Italy, Physics Chem. Earth, 49:103–113 (11 pages).
18
Lal, R., (2008). Land degradation and pedological processes in a changing climate. Soil Degrad. Processes. 12: 315-325. (11 pages).
19
Lantieri, D., (2003). Potential use of satellite remote sensing for land degradation assessment in drylands: Application to the Lada project: Draft report; Food and Agriculture Organization, Rom, Italy.
20
Momenzadeh, M.; Ownegh, M.; Hosnalizadeh, M.; Taheri Nameghi, H., (2014). Desertification risk assessment in Neishabour Fadisheh. The second National Conference on management arid and arid deserts, 20-21 November. Semnan, Iran.
21
Messner, F.; Mayer, V., (2005). Flood damage, vulnerability and risk perception challenges for flood damage research. UFZ, Leipzig (26 pages).
22
Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, (2005). Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Desertification Synthesis. World Resources Institute, Washington, DC., USA, (36 pages).
23
Nazarinezhad, M., (2010). Zoning and planning models to evaluate the ICD and ESAs to desertification risk management: Case Study: Reza Abad region Khartouran Semnan Province), managing the MSc Dissertation, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran.
24
Nunez, M.; Pablo, A.; Rieradevall, J.; Antón, A., (2009). Assessing potential desertification environmental impact in life cycle assessment. Int. J. Life Cycle Assess. 15:67–78 (11 pages).
25
Ownegh, M., (2009). Landslide hazard and risk zonation in Ziarat watershed, Gorgan, research project, Gorgan University of Agriculture Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran (120 pages).
26
Rasmy, M.; Gad, A.; Abdelsalam, H.; Siwailam, M., (2010). A dynamic simulation model of desertification in Egypt, 13 (2): 101-111. (11 pages).
27
Reynolds, J.F.; Smith, D.M.; Lambin, E.F.; Turner, B.L.; Mortimore, M.; Batterbury, S.P.; Downing, T.E.; Dowlatabadi, H.; Fernandez, R.J.; Herrick, J.E.; Huber-Sannwald, E.; Jiang, H.; Leemans, R.; Lynam, T.; Maestre, F.T.; Ayarza, M.; Walker, B., (2007). Global desertification: building a science for dry land development. Sci., 316: 847-851 (5 pages)
28
Rubio, J.L.; Recatala, L.; 2005. The relevance and consequences of Mediterranean desertification including security aspects, (21 pages).
29
Sabeti, Sh., (2007). Wind erosion mechanism assessment and its effect on the risk of desertification in the northern Aq-Qala plains. Golestan Province, MSc Dissertation. Aridzone Management, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran (174 pages).
30
Salvati, L.; Mavrakis, A.; Colantoni, A.; Mancino, G.; Agostino Ferrara, A., (2015). Complex Adaptive Systems, soil degradation and land sensitivity to desertification: A multivariate assessment of Italian agro-forest landscape. Sci. Total Environ., 521–522: 235–245 (11 pages)
31
Silakhori, I.; Ownegh, M.; Sadoddin, A., (2014). Assessment of desertification risk in Sabzevar Using MICD, Crisis Manage. Res. J., 91: 89-99. (11 pages).
32
Topographic analysis report, (2013). The land use plan studies in Golestan Province, p. 42
33
UNEP, (2004). The UNEP’s Strategy on Land Use Management and Soil Conservation was prepared by the UNEP Division of Policy Development and Law. (33 pages).
34
Xie, H.; Yao, G.; Liu, G., (2015). Spatial evaluation of the ecological importance based on GIS for environmental management: a case study in Xing guo County of China. Ecol. Indic, 51: 3–12 (10 pages).
35
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Integrated environmental management model of air pollution control by hybrid model of DPSIR and FAHP
The aim of this study is to evaluate the obstacles due to a DPSIR model combined with fuzzy analytic hierarchy process technique. Hence, to prioritize the responses regarding the driving forces, pressures, states and impacts, the hierarchy of the model is established. Evaluations and prioritization of model results of urban transport situation in Tehran have provided a number of necessary issues for strategic planning to reduce local air pollution and emission of greenhouse gases by prioritizing their effectiveness in the implementation, including; a) development and improvement of public transport (R1), b) improvement of fuel quality (R2), c) improvement of vehicle emission standards (R3), d) vehicle inspection (R4), f) traffic management (R5). In this study, responses to improve the factors of pressure, stimulus, the current state and the impacts were examined and compared hierarchically. Finally, their priority relative to each other was achieved. Development and improvement of public transport, improvement of the quality of fuel, improvement of vehicle emission standards, vehicle check-up and finally urban traffic management were identified respectively as practical steps to control and reduce air pollution in Tehran.
https://www.gjesm.net/article_20581_ce1fa13b104540c7cb9b11f51c6d17f1.pdf
2016-12-01
381
388
10.22034/gjesm.2016.02.04.007
Air pollution
Analytic hierarchy process (AHP)
DPSIR
fuzzy theory
Tehran metropolis
M.J.
Mohammadizadeh
tajziehchi.sanaz@gmail.com
1
Department of the Environment, Alborz Campus, University of Tehran, Alborz, Iran
AUTHOR
A.R.
Karbassi
akarbasi@ut.ac.ir
2
Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate Faculty of the Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Gh.R.
Nabi Bidhendi
ghhendi@yahoo.com
3
Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate Faculty of the Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
M.
Abbaspour
m-abbaspour@srbiau.ac.ir
4
School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Adams, M.D.; Kanaroglou, P.S., (2016). Mapping real-time air pollution health risk for environmental management: Combining mobile and stationary air pollution monitoring with neural network models. J. Environ. Manage., 16(8): 133-141 (9 pages).
1
Atash, F., (2007). The deterioration of urban environments in developing countries: Mitigating the air pollution crisis in Tehran, Iran., Cities, 24(6): 399-409 (11 pages).
2
Aich, S.; Tripathy, S., (2014). An interpretive structural model of green supply chain management in Indian computer and its peripheral industries. Int. J. Procurement Manage., 7(3): 239-256 (18 pages).
3
Apenteng, B.A.; Nayar, P.; Yu, F.; Adams, J.; Opoku, S.T., (2015). Organizational and environmental correlates of the adoption of a focus strategy in U.S. hospices. Healthcare Manage. Rev., 40(2): 148-158 (11 pages).
4
Austin, D.G., (2007). Strategy for managing environmental liabilities in an onshore oil field. Soc. Pet. Eng., 20(3):120-129 (9 pages).
5
Beamon, B.M., (2005). Environmental and sustainability ethics in supply chain management. Sci. Eng. Ethics., 11(2): 221-234 (13 pages).
6
Chang, C.W.; Wu, C.; Lin, H., (2009). Applying fuzzy hierarchy multiple attributes to construct an expert decision making process. Expert Syst. Appl., 36(4): 7363-7368 (6 pages).
7
Chen, J.-K.; Chen, S., (2010). Aviatic innovation system construction using a hybrid fuzzy MCDM model. Expert Syst. Appl., 37(12): 8387-8394 (8 pages).
8
Deng, Y.; Zhenfu, Z.; Qi, L., (2006). Ranking fuzzy numbers with an area method using radius of gyration. Comput. Math. Appl., 51(6): 1127-1136 (10 pages).
9
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35
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of compost and humic acid in mobility and concentration of cadmium and chromium in soil and plant
The effect of compost and humic acid in mobility and concentration of cadmium and chromium in contaminated soil were investigated. Experiment was carried out with three levels of soil cadmium and chromium and two organic matters (compost and humic acid). The study was performed in a randomized complete block design with 3 replicates. Results indicated that application of organic substances enhanced movement of cadmium and chromium in soil column. Humic acid is more effective than compost on the mobility of cadmium and chromium in soil. Mobility of cadmium and chromium in the lower depths of soil column were increased. Cadmium and chromium concentration in shoots and roots enhanced due to increasing those concentration in soil and application of organic substances. Increase in cadmium in shoots can be attributed to the high mobility of this element in maize plant. Maize root chromium concentration was greater than shoot chromium concentration. Humic acid was more effective than compost as cadmium and chromium concentration in root and shoot was concerned. Low mobility of chromium in plant and accumulation of chromium in roots can be reasons of decreasing of chromium concentration in shoot of plant and its bioaccumulation.
https://www.gjesm.net/article_19697_0ecc3ecbe563c542b94fcb0c75db42f0.pdf
2016-12-01
389
396
10.22034/gjesm.2016.02.04.008
Cadmium
Chromium
Compost
Humic acid
Mobility
A.
Chaab
ali.chaab87@gmail.com
1
Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
A.A.
Moezzi
moezzi251@gmail.com
2
Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
G.A.
Sayyad
gsayyad@gmail.com
3
Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
M.
Chorom
m.chorom@scu.ac.ir
4
Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Angelova, V.R.; Akova, V.I.; Artinova, N.S.; Ivanov, K.I., (2013). The effect of organic amendments on soil chemical characteristics. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci.,19: 958-971. (12 pages)
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41
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Analyzing and modeling urban sprawl and land use changes in a developing city using a CA-Markovian approach
Mashhad City, according to the latest official statistics of the country is the second populated city after Tehran and is the biggest metropolis in the east of Iran. Considering the rapid growth of the population over the last three decades, the city’s development area has been extended, significantly. This significant expansion has impacted natural lands on suburb and even some parts e.g. rangelands and agricultural area have been transited to urban land uses. The study was aimed at analyzing and simulating land use changes in Mashhad, Iran. The work needs a model to simulate land use changes among multiple categories and combine spatial and temporal changes during the projection period. Thus, Cellular Automata-Markov model was chosen to meet this target. In this work, the projected time period corresponded to the final 20-year vision period of all-round development of Iran for the target point of 2025 based on a long-term plan. Multi criteria evaluation approach integrated along with analytic hierarchy process were employed for preparing suitability maps for the five land uses, i.e. urban continuous patches, urban discontinuous patches, rural patches, agricultural lands, and range lands. Having applied the matrices utilized in model calibration, the best kappa coefficient proved to be associated with the land use maps dated 1996 and 2002. The Kappa index of quantity and allocation agreement was determined to be 0.9189 and 0.9529, respectively, which established an almost perfect agreement between simulated and observed land uses according to the year 2015. Change detection results showed that with the physical expansion of urban continuous patches, range lands and agricultural lands mostly transited to urban discontinuous patches and eventually were promoted to urban continuous texture. These developments or gains in urbanized patches will lead to some loses in agricultural lands and rangelands of the suburb in 2025. In addition, the analysis of projected land use map indicated that over the upcoming years, the development of the city in northern front, especially in northwestern region will be more intense with a higher speed in comparison with the other regions.
https://www.gjesm.net/article_20337_5daf8a8eac91195dcd413aacbd6e932b.pdf
2016-12-01
397
410
10.22034/gjesm.2016.02.04.009
Analytic hierarchy process (AHP)
Cellular Automata-Markov (CA-Markov)
fuzzy theory
Land use/ cover change (LUCC)
Multi criteria evaluation (MCE)
Urban sprawl
M.
Tajbakhsh
tajbakhsh.m@gmail.com
1
Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
AUTHOR
H.
Memarian
hadi_memarian@yahoo.com
2
Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Y.
Shahrokhi
yusofshahrokhi@yahoo.com
3
Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
AUTHOR
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39
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Potentiality of agricultural adsorbent for the sequestering of metal ions from wastewater
The expensive nature of metal ions detoxification from wastewater have restricted the use of conventional treatment technologies. Cheap, alternative measures have been adopted to eliminate metal contamination, and adsorptions using agricultural adsorbents seem to be the way forward. The use of agricultural adsorbents for cadmium (II), copper (II) and lead (II) ion removal has gained more interest in literature due to the level of contamination in water bodies. This review shed lights on the removal proficiency of various low–cost agricultural adsorbent for the elimination of cadmium (II), copper (II) and lead (II) ions, considering performance, surface modification, equilibrium adsorptive studies, kinetic characteristics, coefficient of correlation (R2) and reuse. Furthermore, these agricultural adsorbents have displayed better performance when rivaled with commercial/conventional adsorbent. Observations from different adsorptive capacities presented owe their performance to surface area improvement/modification, pH of the adsorbent, ionic potential of the solution, initial concentration and elemental component of the adsorbent. However, gaps have been identified to improve applicability, sorption performance, economic viability, optimization, and commercialization of suitable agricultural adsorbents.
https://www.gjesm.net/article_21023_e5223f55c1c2b4ca2cbe81c883fd98a4.pdf
2016-12-01
411
442
10.22034/gjesm.2016.02.04.010
Adsorption
Adsorption capacities
Agricultural adsorbent
heavy metals
Wastewater
P.C.
Emenike
praisegod.emenike@covenantuniversity.edu.ng
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Covenant University, Canaanland, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
LEAD_AUTHOR
D.O.
Omole
david.omole@covenantuniversity.edu.ng
2
Department of Civil Engineering, Covenant University, Canaanland, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
AUTHOR
B.U.
Ngene
ben.ngene@cu.edu.ng
3
Department of Civil Engineering, Covenant University, Canaanland, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
AUTHOR
I.T.
Tenebe
imokhai.tenebe@covenantuniversity.edu.ng
4
Department of Civil Engineering, Covenant University, Canaanland, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
AUTHOR
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