Document Type : CASE STUDY

Authors

• E. Widjaja ¹
• B.N. Utomo ²
• A.D. Santoso ¹
• Y.P. Erlambang ¹
• . Surono ³
• M.A. Firmansyah ⁴
• S. Handoko ⁵
• E. Erythrina ⁶
• M.N. Rofiq ¹
• D. Iskandar ¹
• N.A. Sasongko ¹
• T. Rochmadi ¹
• N. Abbas ¹
• M. Hanif ⁷
• Y.S. Garno ⁷
• F.D. Arianti ¹
• N.D. Suretno ¹
• M. Askinatin ¹
• C.O.I. Hastuti ¹
• F. Fahrodji ¹

¹ Research Centre for Sustainable Production System and Life Cycle Assessment, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia

² Research Center for Veterinary Science, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia

³ Research Center for Applied Microbiology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia

⁴ Center Kalimantan Agricultural Instrument Standarization Implementation, Palangkaraya, Center Kalimantan, Indonesia

⁵ Research Centre for Horticulture and Estate, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia

⁶ Research Center for Food Crop, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia

⁷ Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Integrated farming is an efficient and environmentally friendly agricultural activity that uses low-input resources, including abundant local materials, such as waste. According to previous studies, this program has been adopted by the Indonesian government to facilitate the achievement of sustainable agriculture. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the level of sustainability of low-input integrated agricultural farming by determining and analyzing the sustainability index.
METHODS: Experts and business operators engaged in the integrated production of organic fertilizer, corn, and laying hen farming conducted scientific assessments to gather primary and secondary data. This was carried out through Focus Group Discussions and the completion of a questionnaire containing 34 attributes linked to environmental, economical, social, technological, and institutional aspects. The data obtained were then analyzed using a multidimensional scale technique. Monte Carlo analysis and alternating least-squares algorithm were used to examine sustainability status and significant characteristics
FINDINGS: The degree of agricultural integration's sustainability from organic fertilizer, corn, and layer hen farming was 86.10 percent. The results showed that techniques in several stages of the organic fertilizer production process, corn cultivation with the application of organic fertilizer, and laying hen farming with local feed, harvesting, and marketing, contributed to sustainable development by considering the strength aspects from each dimension. Based on the analysis results, the social dimension had a sustainable index score of 93.79 percent, followed by economic (90.57 percent), institutional (88.39 percent), environmental (83.45 percent), and technology (74.29 percent). Based on the findings, the factors that should be considered included 1) Efficiency in the utilization of water during egg, 2) fertilizer production and effectiveness of using fuel and electricity during the production and marketing, 3) an Industry manager level of education, 4) the ease by which raw materials can be obtained for the integration industry, 5) potential for increasing the low-input integrated agricultural farming, 6) the availability of integration industry facilities, infrastructure and level of expertise needed by managers in the people's integration sector, 7) Financial institutions' existence.
CONCLUSION: Multidimensional mapping showed that the low-input integrated agricultural farming in the dry land of Pangkalan Lada District was running sustainably, with an average sustainability index of 86.10 percent. These results indicated that the integration of organic fertilizer, corn, and layer hen farming in the area had successfully optimized the available resources, created a sustainable farming model, and had the potential for adoption in various locations and future periods. The five evaluated dimensions showed good sustainability levels, with sustainability indices ranging from 74.29 percent (sustainable with a fair level) to 93.79 percent (very sustainable). Therefore, sustainability improvements in these farming activities must focus on technological aspects, with an emphasis on technological attributes that offered valuable insights for the government in formulating policies and programs. 

Graphical Abstract

Highlights

• The sustainability of environmentally low-input integrated farming is influenced by the high value of environmental, social, economic, technological, and institutional dimensions;
• The environmentally low-input integrated farming has a good sustainability index of 86.10 %. The Economical dimension with an index value of 90.57% occupies the main support for the sustainability of integration farming;
• The integrated industry facilities, market absorption for compost products, and the specialization/expertise of management in the integration industry are 3 attributes that influence for environmentally low-input integrated farming sustainability.

Keywords

• Low-input integrated farming
• Multi-dimensional scaling (MDS)
• Sustainability

Main Subjects

• Sustainable agriculture management

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©2024 The author(s). This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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